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Competition guide

How Model Competitions Work: Classes, Judging and Entering a Table

A competition table is a free lesson in what makes a finished kit look right, and entering one is easier than it looks from the hall floor.

Published · Sprue Gate editorial team

The model is finished, the decals are sealed, and it sits on a shelf where the cat cannot reach it. Is it good enough for a competition table? That question stops more modellers than any rulebook does, and the honest answer is that the table is built for people at every level. The shows listed in the guide to the UK show circuit mostly run some kind of competition, and the structure behind them is similar from one hall to the next.

What follows describes how competitions are commonly arranged. It is not the rulebook of any single show, and each organiser publishes its own classes and entry rules, which always take priority.

Classes: subject first, then scale

Competitions sort models into classes so that a 1/72 fighter is not judged against a 1/350 battleship. The sorting is almost always by subject first and scale second. A typical list starts with aircraft, split by scale bands, and continues through armoured vehicles, soft-skin and support vehicles, ships and submarines, cars and motorcycles, figures and busts, sci-fi and fantasy, space subjects, and dioramas or vignettes.

Within each subject, the divisions that appear most often are scale, era and build type. An aircraft section might separate 1/72 and smaller from 1/48 and larger, then propeller from jet, then single-engine from multi-engine. Some shows add a class for out-of-the-box builds so that a clean kit is not competing against a scratch-built conversion with hundreds of hours behind it. The scales behind these divisions are explained on the page on choosing a scale.

At the national end, the competition at Scale ModelWorld lists well over a hundred classes and individual trophies, which shows how finely a large event can slice the entries. A small club show is more likely to run a dozen classes, with a “best in show” award on top.

Dioramas and vignettes usually get their own treatment. A single figure on a base is not a diorama, and a scene with several elements and a story is judged on composition as well as modelling. Groups of models by one builder, often called collections or sets, are another common class, and they reward consistency of finish across a series. When a class description is unclear, ask the organiser which class they would put your model in, since a model entered in the wrong class cannot be judged fairly.

Junior and novice sections

Most competitions include a section for younger entrants, often grouped by age, with simplified rules and awards that celebrate effort. Many also run a novice or beginner class for people who have not won before. These sections exist so that a first model is judged against other first models, and they are the right place to start if you have never entered.

Age bands and the definition of novice vary from show to show, so check the entry page. A sensible approach is to enter the lowest class that honestly describes you. Moving up later is part of the fun.

How judges look at a model

Judging criteria vary, but most reduce to four questions, asked of the model in front of the judge.

Construction comes first. Judges look for clean seams, even panel lines, symmetrical assembly and parts that sit straight. A wing that droops by a millimetre is more visible under hall lighting than the builder expects, which is why seam filling and priming matter so much.

Painting and finish come next: smooth coverage, crisp masking lines, a convincing gloss or matt as the subject demands and no orange peel or trapped dust. Decals are judged here too, and the decal guide explains how to avoid silvering and edge lift.

Accuracy covers colours, markings, details and correct fit for the subject depicted. A judge who knows the type will spot a wrong canopy frame or a misplaced stencil, and a short card beside the model explaining what you built and what you changed is a fair way to help them.

Overall impression is what is left: does the model look like a finished object, with sensible presentation and weathering that suits the subject? The weathering guide is helpful here, since restrained weathering often scores better than heavy.

Judge your own seams first. Take the model to a window, hold it at arm's length, then close up with a torch at a low angle. Whatever you can see in that light, a judge will see too.

Medals or rankings

Two award systems are widely used. In the medal system, every model that meets a defined standard in its class is awarded gold, silver or bronze, so a class can have several winners or none. The standard is judged against a benchmark, not against the other entries. In a ranked system, the judges compare the entries in a class and place them first, second and third. Some shows use both, with medals for standards and trophies for the best in a class or in the show.

The practical difference is this. In a ranked system a good model can finish nowhere because a better one stood beside it, whereas a medal system rewards a good model regardless of the neighbours. Whichever the show uses, the organiser’s page tells you in advance.

Preparing an entry

Choose a model that you have finished carefully, not the biggest one in the cabinet. Clean the surface, check for dust and glue marks, and look at the underside and the back, which judges do. Pack it in a box with padding, because breakages on the way to the hall are common, and carry a small repair kit of a paint pot, cement and a brush.

Read the entry rules for the show: who may enter, how many models, whether you must register before the day and when the tables open. Some competitions, including the one at Scale ModelWorld, require advance registration and do not accept entries on the day. If you are in doubt, ask a club member, and the club finder will point you to one.

When the results are posted, look at what won your class and why. The winners’ tables are a live example of the standard, and a short chat with a judge, if the show allows it, is worth more than any trophy. Your next step is simple: pick a show from the circuit, read its entry page and register one model.

Questions modellers ask

Do I need to be a club member to enter a model competition?

It depends on the show. Many club shows accept entries from any visitor, while a society competition such as the one at Scale ModelWorld is open to members of the organising society. Read the entry rules published for the specific event.

What is the difference between a medal system and a ranked system?

In a medal system, every model that reaches a set standard receives gold, silver or bronze, so several can win in one class. In a ranked system the judges place entries first, second and third. Shows commonly use one or the other, and some use both.

Can I enter a kit built straight from the box?

Yes. Most classes accept out-of-the-box builds, and many shows split them from models with aftermarket parts or scratch-built changes. Check the class descriptions to see where yours belongs.

What do judges penalise most?

Visible seams, glue marks, silvered decals, dust trapped in paint and crooked alignment are the usual faults. Neat, honest basics tend to count for more than ambitious weathering done badly.

Can I enter more than one model?

Usually yes, within limits set by the show for each person or each class. Rules differ, so look at the entry form to see how many models one entrant may register.